Concrete Is A Versatile Material With Many Uses: Construction Methods Assignment, USA, Australia

CONCRETE PROPERTIES

Concrete is a versatile material with many uses. Good concrete, which achieves its specified properties depend first of all on the careful selection and proportioning of its constituent materials, and on effective methods for handling, placing, compacting, finishing, and curing.

In its basic form, it is a mixture of cement, water, fine and coarse aggregates, which is plastic (can be worked and molded) when first mixed, and hardens to a solid mass. The properties of concrete, in its plastic and hardened states, are affected by the physical characteristics, the chemical composition, and the proportions of the ingredients in the mixture.

In its hardened state concrete must be strong enough to carry the loads imposed on it, and durable enough to resist wear, weather, and chemical attack. In its plastic state, it must suit the methods of handling, placing, compacting, and finishing.

The cement paste (cement and water) in the mixture lubricates the aggregates and allows them to move freely while the concrete is placed and compacted. Generally, the more cement paste in the mixture, the more workable the concrete. It is important that concrete delivered to the site is sufficiently workable for it to be placed and compacted by the means available. If it is not properly placed and compacted, concrete will not achieve its potential strength and durability.

Cladding is typically made from wood, metal, plastic (vinyl), masonry, or an increasing range of composite materials. It can be attached directly to the frame or to an intermediate layer of battens or spacers to prevent condensation and allow water vapor to escape.

Cladding systems include horizontal or vertical boards, sheet materials, or smaller overlapping panels such as shingles and tiles. Each system uses different methods to ness varies depending on wind direction and speed and the degree of exposure to rain.

What are some of the new obligations for people digging?

It is compulsory to notify Dial Before You Dig of the time and place of work no more than thirty days before the work starts. You can start work as soon as you have received the plans and satisfied any other requirements set by the network operator.